• 批判ひはん — Criticism / Judgment
• 批評ひひょう — Review / Critique
• 批准ひじゅん — Ratification
• 批判的ひはんてき — Critical (in tone)

批 is a phono-semantic compound: it combines the hand radical 扌 (expressing action) with 比 (to compare). Originally, it suggested “judging with the hand” — a metaphor for evaluation.

Today, it's widely used in academic, media, and political contexts, particularly in words like 批判 (critique) and 批評 (review).