• 規模きぼ — scale / scope / size
• 模様もよう — pattern / design
• 模倣もほう — imitation / copying
• 模擬もぎ — simulated / mock
• 模型もけい — model / miniature
• 模範もはん — example / role model
• 模索もさく — search / trial and error
• 模写もしゃ — copying / reproduction (drawing)

模 is a phono-semantic compound: 木 (tree) provides the meaning element, while 莫 (モ) gives the sound. Originally linked to things made from or resembling wood, it broadened into the idea of patterns, models, and standards.

In modern Japanese, it’s widely used in academic, technical, and design contexts — from 模試 (mock exam) to 模型 (scale model).