- Basic forms
- 努める — to make an effort; to strive / base form
- 努めます — make an effort; strive / masu form
- 努めた — made an effort / ta form
- 努めて — strive and …; make an effort / te-form
- 努めない — do not strive / negative
- 努めれば — if (you) make an effort / conditional
- 努めろ・努めよ — make an effort! / imperative
- Other common forms
- 努力に努める — to make efforts
- 改善に努める — strive for improvement
- 成功に努める — work toward success
- More
- 努めたい — want to make an effort / 〜たい form
- 努められる — can make an effort / potential
- 努めなかった — didn’t try / past negative
- 努めている — is striving; is making efforts / progressive
努める(つとめる) is an ichidan verb. Drop る to add endings such as ます, た, て, ない. It expresses conscious effort toward a goal, often used in formal or written contexts, as in 改善に努める (to strive for improvement).
- 努める — to strive / to try
- 努力 — effort / exertion
- 努め — effort / task
- 努めて — diligently / as much as possible
The character 努 combines the phonetic 奴 and the radical 力 (power). It conveys the sense of pressing one’s strength toward a goal — symbolizing determined effort or willpower.
毎日、努力しています。
I make an effort every day.
もっと努めます。
I’ll try harder.
成功には 努力が必要です。
Effort is necessary for success.
